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Abstract
Chitosan is a biodegradable natural compound that has a great potentiality in agriculture for controlling plant diseases. An attempt was made to control Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae under inoculated field condition and increase the growth and yield of brinjal by chitosan. Before setting the experiments in the field, preliminary laboratory experiments were carried out to select virulent isolate and effective dose of chitosan against the mycelial growth of the selected pathogen. F. oxysporum f. sp. melongenae isolate F-1 was found to be the most virulent on brinjal in pathogenicity test. Chitosan @ 1.0% concentration was appeared to be the highest inhibitory to the test pathogen at in vitro condition. Additionally, seed treatment with 1.0% chitosan for 12 hrs resulted in the highest increased in germination and seedling growth of brinjal. The field experiment was conducted following Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four treatments. No treatment was given in T1, the pathogen was inoculated in T2 and seed treatment and soil amendment with 1.0% chitosan was done in T3 and T4, respectively, in test pathogen inoculated condition. Application of 1.0% chitosan as a seed treatment (T3) or soil amendment (T4) significantly reduced pre- and post-emergence seedling mortality, incidence and severity of Fusarium wilt as well as enhanced germination percentage, plant growth and yield of brinjal. On the contrary, pre-emergence and post-emergence seedling mortality, disease incidence and severity of Fusarium wilt were highest in treatment T2 where the soil was inoculated with pathogen without chitosan. Therefore, chitosan could be used against this vascular disease as an alternative to inorganic fungicides and augment yield.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
Chaterjee, S., Jannat, R., Hossain, M. M., Amin, M. R., & Rubayet, M. T. (2021). Chitosan for suppression of fusarium wilt and plant growth promotion of brinjal. Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology, 2(2), 124-137. https://doi.org/10.11594/jaab.02.02.07
References
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Adhikary, M. C., Begum, H. A., & Meah, M. B. (2017). Pos-sibility of recovering Fusarium wilt affected egg-plants by Trichoderma. International Journal of Ag-ricultural Research, Innovation and Technolo-gy, 7(1), 38-42. CrossRef
Agrios, G. N. (2006). Plant Pathology. 5th ed. Elsevier Academic Press, Inc., Burlington USA. 922p.
Ahmed, M. U., Bhuiyan, M. K. A., Hossain, M. M., Rubayet, M. T., & Khaliq, Q. A. (2019). Efficacy of chitosan and bio-agent in controlling southern blight dis-ease of carrot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii and im-provement the crop production. Research in Agri-culture and Veterinary Science, 3(3), 113-125. Di-rect Link.
Akter, J., Jannat, R., Hossain, M. M., Ahmed, J. U., & Rubayet, M. T. (2018). Chitosan for plant growth promotion and disease suppression against an-thracnose in chilli. International Journal of Agricul-ture Environment and Biotechnology, 3(3), 806-817. CrossRef
Al‐Hetar, M. Y., Zainal Abidin, M. A., Sariah, M., & Wong, M. Y. (2011). Antifungal activity of chitosan against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 120(4), 2434-2439. CrossRef
Anusuya, S., & Banu, K. N. (2016). Silver-chitosan nano-particles induced biochemical variations of chick-pea (Cicer arietinum L.). Biocatalysis and Agricul-tural Biotechnology, 8(3), 39-44. CrossRef
Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. (2018). Bangladesh Agricultural Statistics Yearbook. Planning Division, Ministry of Planning, Govt. of the People's Repub-lic of Bangladesh, Dhaka.
Benhamou, N., Kloepper, J. W., & Tuzun, S. (1998). Induc-tion of resistance against Fusarium wilt of tomato by combination of chitosan with an endophytic bacterial strain: ultrastructure and cytochemistry of the host response. Planta, 204(2), 153-168. CrossRef
Datar, V. V. (2011). Investigations on pre and post emer-gence mortality in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.). Indian Phytopathology Society, 60(2), 156-161. Direct Link.
Dzung, N. A., Khanh, V. T. P., & Dzung, T. T. (2011). Re-search on impact of chitosan oligomers on bio-physical characteristics, growth, development and drought resistance of coffee. Carbohydrate Poly-mers, 84(2), 751-755. CrossRef
El-Bramawy, M. A. S., & Abd Al-Wahid, O. A. (2007). Iden-tification of genetic resources for resistance to Fusarium wilt, charcoal root rot and Rhizocotonia root rot among sesame (Sesamumindicum L.) germplasm. African Crop Science Conference Pro-ceedings, 8, 1893-1900. CrossRef
El-Mohamedy, R. S., Abdel-Kader, M. M., Abd-El-Kareem, F., & El-Mougy, N. S. (2013). Essential oils, inor-ganic acids and potassium salts as control measures against the growth of tomato root rot pathogens in vitro. International Journal of Agricul-tural Technology, 9(6), 1507-1520. Direct Link.
Goswami, B. K., Mittal, A., & Singh, S. (2012). Conducive role of Fusarium solani and suppressive role of dif-ferent fungi associated with root-knot nematode infecting brinjal around Yamuna river belt in Del-hi. Indian Phytopathology, 54(3), 385-386. Direct Link.
Hameed, A., Sheikh, M. A., Hameed, A., Farooq, T., Basra, S. M. A., & Jamil, A. (2013). Chitosan priming en-hances the seed germination, antioxidants, hydro-lytic enzymes, soluble proteins and sugars in wheat seeds. Agrochimica, 57(2), 97-110.
Jannat, R., Shaha, M., Rubayet, M. T., & Sultana, S. (2018). Role of chitosan in induction of defense response against Phomopsis vexans and augmentation of growth and yield of eggplant. Global Journal of Sci-ence Frontier Research: (C) Biological Science, 18, 6-13. Direct Link.
Li, S. J., Zhu, T. H. (2013). Biochemical response and in-duced resistance against anthracnose (Colleto-trichum camelliae) of camellia (Camellia pitardii) by chitosan oligosaccharide application. Forest Pa-thology, 43(1), 67-76. CrossRef
Lizárraga-Paulín, E. G., Miranda-Castro, S. P., Moreno-Martínez, E., Lara-Sagahón, A. V., & Torres-Pacheco, I. (2013). Maize seed coatings and seed-ling sprayings with chitosan and hydrogen perox-ide: their influence on some phenological and bio-chemical behaviors. Journal of Zhejiang University Science B, 14(2), 87-96. CrossRef
Mishra, S., Jagadeesh, K. S., Krishnaraj, P. U., & Prem, S. (2014). Biocontrol of tomato leaf curl virus (ToLCV) in tomato with chitosan supplemented formulations of Pseudomonas sp. under field con-ditions. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 8(3), 347-355. Direct Link.
Nitu, N. J., Masum, M., Jannat, R., Bhuiyan, M., & Sultana, S. (2016). Application of chitosan and Trichoderma against soil-borne pathogens and their effect on yield of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). International Journal of Biosciences, 9(1), 10-24. CrossRef
Orzali, L., Forni, C., & Riccioni, L. (2014). Effect of chi-tosan seed treatment as elicitor of resistance to Fusarium graminearum in wheat. Seed Science and Technology, 42(2), 132-149. CrossRef
Ramírez, M. A., Rodríguez, A. T., Alfonso, L., & Peniche, C. (2010). Chitin and its derivatives as biopolymers with potential agricultural applica-tions. Biotecnología Aplicada, 27(4), 270-276. Di-rect Link.
Rehman, H., Nawaz, Q., Basra, S. M. A., Afzal, I., & Yasmeen, A. (2014). Seed priming influence on early crop growth, phenological development and yield performance of linola (Linum usitatissimum L.). Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 13(5), 990-996. Direct Link.
Rubayet, M. T., & Bhuiyan, M. K. A. (2016). Integrated management of stem rot of potato caused by Scle-rotium rolfsii. Bangladesh Journal of Plant Patholo-gy, 32(1&2), 7-14.
Saharan, V., Mehrotra, A., Khatik, R., Rawal, P., Sharma, S. S., & Pal, A. (2013). Synthesis of chitosan-based nanoparticles and their in vitro evaluation against phytopathogenic fungi. International Journal of Bi-ological Macromolecules, 62: 677-683. CrossRef
Silva Jùnior, S., Stamford, N. P., Lima, M. A. B., Arnaud, T. M. S., Pintado, M. M., & Sarmento, B. F. (2014). Characterization and inhibitory activity of chitosan on hyphae growth and morphology of Botrytis ci-nerea plant pathogen. International Journal of Ap-plied Research in Natural Products, 7(4), 31-38. Di-rect Link.
Sunder, A. R., Das, N. D., Krishnaveni, D. (1995). In vitro Antagonism of Trichoderma spp. against two Fun-gal Pathogens of Caster. Indian Journal Plant Pro-tection, 23, 152-155.
Xoca-Orozco, L. Á., Cuellar-Torres, E. A., González-Morales, S., Gutiérrez-Martínez, P., López-García, U., & Herrera-Estrella, Chacón-López, A. (2017). Transcriptomic analysis of avocado hass (Persea americana) in the interaction system fruit-chitosan-Colletotrichum. Frontiers plant science, 8, 956. CrossRef
Yasmin, S., & D'Souza, D. (2010). Effects of pesticides on the growth and reproduction of earthworm: A re-view. Applied and Environmental Soil Science, 2010. CrossRef
Zeng, D., & Luo, X. (2012). Physiological effects of chi-tosan coating on wheat growth and activities of protective enzyme with drought tolerance. Open Journal of Soil Science, 2(3), 282-288. CrossRef
Adhikary, M. C., Begum, H. A., & Meah, M. B. (2017). Pos-sibility of recovering Fusarium wilt affected egg-plants by Trichoderma. International Journal of Ag-ricultural Research, Innovation and Technolo-gy, 7(1), 38-42. CrossRef
Agrios, G. N. (2006). Plant Pathology. 5th ed. Elsevier Academic Press, Inc., Burlington USA. 922p.
Ahmed, M. U., Bhuiyan, M. K. A., Hossain, M. M., Rubayet, M. T., & Khaliq, Q. A. (2019). Efficacy of chitosan and bio-agent in controlling southern blight dis-ease of carrot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii and im-provement the crop production. Research in Agri-culture and Veterinary Science, 3(3), 113-125. Di-rect Link.
Akter, J., Jannat, R., Hossain, M. M., Ahmed, J. U., & Rubayet, M. T. (2018). Chitosan for plant growth promotion and disease suppression against an-thracnose in chilli. International Journal of Agricul-ture Environment and Biotechnology, 3(3), 806-817. CrossRef
Al‐Hetar, M. Y., Zainal Abidin, M. A., Sariah, M., & Wong, M. Y. (2011). Antifungal activity of chitosan against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 120(4), 2434-2439. CrossRef
Anusuya, S., & Banu, K. N. (2016). Silver-chitosan nano-particles induced biochemical variations of chick-pea (Cicer arietinum L.). Biocatalysis and Agricul-tural Biotechnology, 8(3), 39-44. CrossRef
Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. (2018). Bangladesh Agricultural Statistics Yearbook. Planning Division, Ministry of Planning, Govt. of the People's Repub-lic of Bangladesh, Dhaka.
Benhamou, N., Kloepper, J. W., & Tuzun, S. (1998). Induc-tion of resistance against Fusarium wilt of tomato by combination of chitosan with an endophytic bacterial strain: ultrastructure and cytochemistry of the host response. Planta, 204(2), 153-168. CrossRef
Datar, V. V. (2011). Investigations on pre and post emer-gence mortality in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.). Indian Phytopathology Society, 60(2), 156-161. Direct Link.
Dzung, N. A., Khanh, V. T. P., & Dzung, T. T. (2011). Re-search on impact of chitosan oligomers on bio-physical characteristics, growth, development and drought resistance of coffee. Carbohydrate Poly-mers, 84(2), 751-755. CrossRef
El-Bramawy, M. A. S., & Abd Al-Wahid, O. A. (2007). Iden-tification of genetic resources for resistance to Fusarium wilt, charcoal root rot and Rhizocotonia root rot among sesame (Sesamumindicum L.) germplasm. African Crop Science Conference Pro-ceedings, 8, 1893-1900. CrossRef
El-Mohamedy, R. S., Abdel-Kader, M. M., Abd-El-Kareem, F., & El-Mougy, N. S. (2013). Essential oils, inor-ganic acids and potassium salts as control measures against the growth of tomato root rot pathogens in vitro. International Journal of Agricul-tural Technology, 9(6), 1507-1520. Direct Link.
Goswami, B. K., Mittal, A., & Singh, S. (2012). Conducive role of Fusarium solani and suppressive role of dif-ferent fungi associated with root-knot nematode infecting brinjal around Yamuna river belt in Del-hi. Indian Phytopathology, 54(3), 385-386. Direct Link.
Hameed, A., Sheikh, M. A., Hameed, A., Farooq, T., Basra, S. M. A., & Jamil, A. (2013). Chitosan priming en-hances the seed germination, antioxidants, hydro-lytic enzymes, soluble proteins and sugars in wheat seeds. Agrochimica, 57(2), 97-110.
Jannat, R., Shaha, M., Rubayet, M. T., & Sultana, S. (2018). Role of chitosan in induction of defense response against Phomopsis vexans and augmentation of growth and yield of eggplant. Global Journal of Sci-ence Frontier Research: (C) Biological Science, 18, 6-13. Direct Link.
Li, S. J., Zhu, T. H. (2013). Biochemical response and in-duced resistance against anthracnose (Colleto-trichum camelliae) of camellia (Camellia pitardii) by chitosan oligosaccharide application. Forest Pa-thology, 43(1), 67-76. CrossRef
Lizárraga-Paulín, E. G., Miranda-Castro, S. P., Moreno-Martínez, E., Lara-Sagahón, A. V., & Torres-Pacheco, I. (2013). Maize seed coatings and seed-ling sprayings with chitosan and hydrogen perox-ide: their influence on some phenological and bio-chemical behaviors. Journal of Zhejiang University Science B, 14(2), 87-96. CrossRef
Mishra, S., Jagadeesh, K. S., Krishnaraj, P. U., & Prem, S. (2014). Biocontrol of tomato leaf curl virus (ToLCV) in tomato with chitosan supplemented formulations of Pseudomonas sp. under field con-ditions. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 8(3), 347-355. Direct Link.
Nitu, N. J., Masum, M., Jannat, R., Bhuiyan, M., & Sultana, S. (2016). Application of chitosan and Trichoderma against soil-borne pathogens and their effect on yield of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). International Journal of Biosciences, 9(1), 10-24. CrossRef
Orzali, L., Forni, C., & Riccioni, L. (2014). Effect of chi-tosan seed treatment as elicitor of resistance to Fusarium graminearum in wheat. Seed Science and Technology, 42(2), 132-149. CrossRef
Ramírez, M. A., Rodríguez, A. T., Alfonso, L., & Peniche, C. (2010). Chitin and its derivatives as biopolymers with potential agricultural applica-tions. Biotecnología Aplicada, 27(4), 270-276. Di-rect Link.
Rehman, H., Nawaz, Q., Basra, S. M. A., Afzal, I., & Yasmeen, A. (2014). Seed priming influence on early crop growth, phenological development and yield performance of linola (Linum usitatissimum L.). Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 13(5), 990-996. Direct Link.
Rubayet, M. T., & Bhuiyan, M. K. A. (2016). Integrated management of stem rot of potato caused by Scle-rotium rolfsii. Bangladesh Journal of Plant Patholo-gy, 32(1&2), 7-14.
Saharan, V., Mehrotra, A., Khatik, R., Rawal, P., Sharma, S. S., & Pal, A. (2013). Synthesis of chitosan-based nanoparticles and their in vitro evaluation against phytopathogenic fungi. International Journal of Bi-ological Macromolecules, 62: 677-683. CrossRef
Silva Jùnior, S., Stamford, N. P., Lima, M. A. B., Arnaud, T. M. S., Pintado, M. M., & Sarmento, B. F. (2014). Characterization and inhibitory activity of chitosan on hyphae growth and morphology of Botrytis ci-nerea plant pathogen. International Journal of Ap-plied Research in Natural Products, 7(4), 31-38. Di-rect Link.
Sunder, A. R., Das, N. D., Krishnaveni, D. (1995). In vitro Antagonism of Trichoderma spp. against two Fun-gal Pathogens of Caster. Indian Journal Plant Pro-tection, 23, 152-155.
Xoca-Orozco, L. Á., Cuellar-Torres, E. A., González-Morales, S., Gutiérrez-Martínez, P., López-García, U., & Herrera-Estrella, Chacón-López, A. (2017). Transcriptomic analysis of avocado hass (Persea americana) in the interaction system fruit-chitosan-Colletotrichum. Frontiers plant science, 8, 956. CrossRef
Yasmin, S., & D'Souza, D. (2010). Effects of pesticides on the growth and reproduction of earthworm: A re-view. Applied and Environmental Soil Science, 2010. CrossRef
Zeng, D., & Luo, X. (2012). Physiological effects of chi-tosan coating on wheat growth and activities of protective enzyme with drought tolerance. Open Journal of Soil Science, 2(3), 282-288. CrossRef