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Dec 20, 2022
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Abstract
Since chemical pesticides have a variety of short- and long-term social, economic, and environmental repercussions, research was conducted in Baniyani, Jhapa, Nepal from January to July 2021 to manage the Yellow Stem Borer (YSB) of rice in an environmentally responsible manner. The research followed the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications and seven treatments using the spring rice variety Chaite-2. The seven treatments used were spinosad 45% SC, Bacillus Thuringensis var krustaki + saccharopolyspora spinosad 15% SC, Azadiractin 0.3%, Chinaberry (Bakaino) leaf extract, Mugwort (Titepati) leaf extract, Metarhizium anisopliae and untreated plot. In order to evaluate the efficacy of the treatments, the number of dead heart and white head symptoms were counted at various time intervals, namely 7, 15, and 21 days after spraying (DAS). At the vegetative and reproductive stages of rice, the rice stem borer causes the symptoms known as "dead heart" and "white head," respectively. The eco-friendly insecticides significantly altered how the rice stem borer was affected. Among the insecticides, Spinosad 45%SC caused the highest reduction in dead hearts and whiteheads. Spinosad 45% SC treated plot showed highest yield (7.5tha-1). Given its effectiveness and eco-friendliness, spinosad could be regarded as the most successful eco-friendly insecticide for controlling the rice pest known as the Rice Stem Borer.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
Kakshapati, P., Shrestha, R., & Khatiwada, S. (2022). Eco-friendly management of rice stem borer in spring rice (chaite-5). Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology, 3(2), 159-168. https://doi.org/10.11594/jaab.03.02.09
References
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Kumari, P., Prasad, R., Jha, S. K., Yadav, M., & Prasad, D. (2019). Bioefficacy of some botanical and chemi-cal insecticides against yellow stem borer Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker.) In rice field at Jharkhand. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phyto-chemistry, 2, 200-203.
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Nag, S., Chaudhary, J. L., Shori, S. R., & Netam, J. (2018). Influence of weather parameters on population dynamics of yellow stem borer ( YSB ) in rice crop at Raipur. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phyto-chemistry, 7(4), 37-44.
Pathak, H., Nayak, A. K., Jena, M., Singh, O. N., Samal, P., & Sharma, S. G. (2018). Rice research for enhancing productivity, profitability and climate resilience. ICAR-National Rice Research for Institute, 1–527.
Rahman, M. M., Jahan, M., Islam, K. S., Adnan, S. M., Salahuddin, M., Hoque, A., & Islam, M. (2020). Eco-Friendly management of rice yellow stem borer, Scirpophaga Incertulus (Pyralidae: Lepidoptera) through reducing risk of insecticides. Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, 4(2), 59–65. CrossRef
Roychoudhury, A. (2020). Rice Research for Quality Im-provement: Genomics and Genetic Engineering. Springer. CrossRef
Sharma, K. R., Raju, S. V. S., Jaiswal, D. K., & Singh, P. (2018). Efficacy of certain newer insecticide for-mulations against yellow stem borer, Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) infesting on rice crop. Journal of Experimental Zoology India, 21(2), 771-775.
Singh, D. P., & Tiwari, T. (2019). Assessment of extent of damage and yield loss caused by stem borer in rice. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 8(2), 2112–2115.
Subedi, S., Ghimire, Y. N., Kharel, M., & Sharma, B. (2020). Profitability and resource use efficiency of rice production in Jhapa District of Nepal. International Journal of Social Sciences and Management, 7(4), 242–247. CrossRef
Subedi, S., Sharma, S., Poudel, A., & Adhikari, S. (2018). Varietal evaluation and preference analysis of promising spring rice genotypes in Dhamilikuwa, Lamjung, Nepal. Open Journal of Plant Sci-ence, 3(1), 015-017. CrossRef
Tripathi, B. P., Bhandari, H. N., & Ladha, J. K. (2019). Rice Strategy for Nepal. Acta Scientific Agriculture, 3(2), 171–180.
Zainab, S., Ram, B., & Singh, R. N. (2017). Environmental effect on yellow stem borer, Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) and rice leaf folder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenee) on rice crop. Journal of Environmental Biology, 38(2), 291–295. CrossRef
Zibaee, A., Bandani, A. R., & Ramzi, S. (2008). Lipase and invertase activities in midgut and salivary glands of Chilo suppressalis (Walker) (Lepidoptera, Pyra-lidae), rice striped stem borer. Invertebrate Surviv-al Journal, 5(2), 180-189.
Acharya, P., Regmi, P. P., Gauchan, D., KC, D. B., & KC, G. B. (2020). Comparative study on technical efficiency of mechanized and traditional rice farm in Nepal. Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources, 3(2), 82–91. CrossRef
Asian Development Bank (2019). Climate-smart practices for intensive rice-based systems in Bangladesh, Cambodia, and Nepal (Issue October). CrossRef
Baskaran, R. K. M., Sridhar, J., Sharma, K. C., & Senthil-Nathan, S. (2019). Influence of summer weather on prevalence of rice yellow stem-borer in central India: Monitoring and biocontrol strategy. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 21(September), 101340. CrossRef
Bhandari, S., Sapkota, S., & Gyawali, C. (2020). Effect of different methods of crop establishment on growth and yield of a spring rice at Janakpurdham-17, Dhanusha. Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, 4(1), 10–15. CrossRef
Chatterjee, S., & Mondal, P. (2014). Management of rice yellow stem borer, Scirpophaga incertulas Walker using some biorational insecticides. Journal of Biopesticides, 7(January), 143–147.
Choudhary, R., Chandrakar, G., Bhardwaj, J. R., Khan, H., & Sahu, R. (2017). Assessment of the efficacy of neem based insecticides for the management of yellow stem borer , Scirpophaga incertulas Walk in paddy field. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 6(5), 1446–1449.
Conway, G. R., & Pretty, J. N. (2013). Unwelcome harvest: agriculture and pollution. Routledge.
Cork, A., Alam, S. N., Rouf, F. M. A., & Talekar, N. S. (2003). Female sex pheromone of brinjal fruit and shoot borer, Leucinodes orbonalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae): trap optimization and application in IPM trials. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 93(2), 107–113. CrossRef
Crop Development Directorate, & Agronomy Society of Nepal. (2017). Rice Science and Technology in Nepal ( A historical, socio-cultural and technical compendium). 2017, 976.
Dougoud, J., Toepfer, S., Bateman, M., & Jenner, W. H. (2019). Efficacy of homemade botanical insecticides based on traditional knowledge. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 39(4). CrossRef
Food and Agriculture Organization. (2004). International Year of Rice 2004: Rice and water: A long and diversified story. FAO Factsheet, 2004, 1–2. Direct Link.
Gadal, N., Shrestha, J., Poudel, M. N., & Pokharel, B. (2019). A review on production status and growing environments of rice in Nepal and in the world. Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science, 4(1), 83–87. CrossRef
Gomez, K. A., & Gomez, A. A. (1984). Statistical proce-dures for agricultural research. John wiley & sons.
Gurung, T. R., & Azad, A. K. (2013). Extent and potential use of bio-pesticides for crop protection in SAARC Countries. SAARC Agriculture Centre.
Hugar, S. V., Venkatesh, H., Hanumanthaswamy, B. C., & Pradeep, S. (2009). Influence of weather factors on the infestation of yellow stem borer, Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) in aerobic rice. Asian Journal of Environmental Science, 4(2), 151-154.
Karthikeyan, K., Purushothman, S. M., & Revi, S. (2008). Effect of spinosad against major insect pests and natural enemies in rice ecosystem. Journal of Biological Control, 22(2), 315–320. Direct Link.
Khosla, R. K. (1977). Techniques for assessment of loss-es due to pests and diseases of rice. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 47(4), 171-174.
Kumari, P., Prasad, R., Jha, S. K., Yadav, M., & Prasad, D. (2019). Bioefficacy of some botanical and chemi-cal insecticides against yellow stem borer Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker.) In rice field at Jharkhand. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phyto-chemistry, 2, 200-203.
Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development. (2017). Statistical Information in Nepalese Agriculture. Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock, 290. Direct Link.
Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development. (2020). Statistical Information in Nepalese Agriculture. Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Direct Link.
Nag, S., Chaudhary, J. L., Shori, S. R., & Netam, J. (2018). Influence of weather parameters on population dynamics of yellow stem borer ( YSB ) in rice crop at Raipur. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phyto-chemistry, 7(4), 37-44.
Pathak, H., Nayak, A. K., Jena, M., Singh, O. N., Samal, P., & Sharma, S. G. (2018). Rice research for enhancing productivity, profitability and climate resilience. ICAR-National Rice Research for Institute, 1–527.
Rahman, M. M., Jahan, M., Islam, K. S., Adnan, S. M., Salahuddin, M., Hoque, A., & Islam, M. (2020). Eco-Friendly management of rice yellow stem borer, Scirpophaga Incertulus (Pyralidae: Lepidoptera) through reducing risk of insecticides. Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, 4(2), 59–65. CrossRef
Roychoudhury, A. (2020). Rice Research for Quality Im-provement: Genomics and Genetic Engineering. Springer. CrossRef
Sharma, K. R., Raju, S. V. S., Jaiswal, D. K., & Singh, P. (2018). Efficacy of certain newer insecticide for-mulations against yellow stem borer, Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) infesting on rice crop. Journal of Experimental Zoology India, 21(2), 771-775.
Singh, D. P., & Tiwari, T. (2019). Assessment of extent of damage and yield loss caused by stem borer in rice. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 8(2), 2112–2115.
Subedi, S., Ghimire, Y. N., Kharel, M., & Sharma, B. (2020). Profitability and resource use efficiency of rice production in Jhapa District of Nepal. International Journal of Social Sciences and Management, 7(4), 242–247. CrossRef
Subedi, S., Sharma, S., Poudel, A., & Adhikari, S. (2018). Varietal evaluation and preference analysis of promising spring rice genotypes in Dhamilikuwa, Lamjung, Nepal. Open Journal of Plant Sci-ence, 3(1), 015-017. CrossRef
Tripathi, B. P., Bhandari, H. N., & Ladha, J. K. (2019). Rice Strategy for Nepal. Acta Scientific Agriculture, 3(2), 171–180.
Zainab, S., Ram, B., & Singh, R. N. (2017). Environmental effect on yellow stem borer, Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) and rice leaf folder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenee) on rice crop. Journal of Environmental Biology, 38(2), 291–295. CrossRef
Zibaee, A., Bandani, A. R., & Ramzi, S. (2008). Lipase and invertase activities in midgut and salivary glands of Chilo suppressalis (Walker) (Lepidoptera, Pyra-lidae), rice striped stem borer. Invertebrate Surviv-al Journal, 5(2), 180-189.