Main Article Content

Abstract

Inflammation is the immune system's main response to infection and irritation. African leaf (Gymnanthemum amygdalinum) is one of the medicinal plants that can be used as anti-inflammatory because of the presence of flavonoid compounds. Flavonoid compounds have an anti-inflammatory effect that can regulate arachidonic acid metabo-lism by inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipooksigenase activi-ties. This study aims to obtain scientific information and the potential of African leaf extract as an anti-inflammatory in vitro and in vivo test. In this study, in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity tests were carried out. The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by the ability of African leaf extracts to prevent protein denaturation and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity by observing the reduction of edema in the soles of rats induced by carrageenan by giving three lev-els of doses of African leaf extract. The results showed that the African leaf extract at a concentration of 8273.91 mg L-1 was able to inhibit 50% denatured protein (IC50), while in the in vivo test African leaf had the potential as an anti-inflammatory with the most effective percent-age of inhibition at a dose of 200 mg kg-1 which is 85.20%. African leaf have the potential of approximately 2 times greater than the positive control of diclofenac sodium which is 45.70%.

Article Details

How to Cite
Agus Setiani, L., & Rusli, Z. (2020). Anti-inflammatory potential of african leaf water extract. Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology, 1(2), 46-53. https://doi.org/10.11594/jaab.01.02.02

References

Abdulkhaleq, L. A., Assi, M. A., Abdullah, R., Zamri-Saad, M., Taufiq-Yap, Y. H., & Hezmee, M. (2018). The crucial roles of inflammatory mediators in inflammation: A review. Veterinary world, 11(5), 627–635. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.627-635
Adedapo, A. A., Aremu, O. J., & Oyagbemi, A. A. (2014). Anti-Oxidant, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive properties of the acetone leaf extract of Vernonia amygdalina in some laboratory animals. Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 4(Suppl 2), 591–598. doi: 10.5681/apb.2014.087
Bertholf, R. L. (2014). Proteins and Albumin. Laboratory Medicine, 45(1), e25–e41. https://doi.org/10.1309/LMKRNRGW5J03APZQ
Drini M. (2017). Peptic Ulcer Disease and Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs. Australian Prescriber, 40(3), 91–93. https://doi.org/10.18773/austpre-scr.2017.037
Farombi, E. O., & Owoeye, O. (2011). Antioxidative and chemopreventive properties of Vernonia amygdalina and Garcinia biflavonoid. International journal of environmental research and public health, 8(6), 2533–2555. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph8062533
Georgewill, O. A., & Georgewill, U. O. (2010). Evaluation of the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Extract of Vernonia amygdalina. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 3(2), 150–151. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1995-7645(10)60057-0 Hanani, E. (2015). Analisis Fitokimia. Jakarta: EGC, 227-229.
Heendeniya, R., & Pathirana. (2018) In Vitro Investiga-tion of Anti- Inflammatory Activity and Evaluation of Phytochemical Profile of Syzygium caryophylla-tum. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry. 2018; 7(1): 1759 1763.
Hildebrandt, S., Steinhart, H., & Paschke, A. (2008). Comparison of Different Extraction Solutions for The Analysis of Allergens in Hen’s Egg. Food Chemistry, 108(3), 1088–1093. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.11.051
Ijeh, I. I., & Ejike C. E. C. C. (2011). Current Perspectives on The Medicinal Potentials of Vernonia amygda-lina, Journal of Medicinal Plants Research. 5 (7), 1051–1061. Nijveldt, R. J., van Nood, E., van Hoorn, D. E., Boelens, P. G., van Norren, K., & van Leeuwen, P. A. (2012). Fla-vonoids: A Review of Probable Mechanisms of Ac-tion and Potential Applications. The American Jour-nal of Clinical Nutrition, 74(4), 418–425. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/74.4.418
Phanse, M. A., Patil, M. J., Abbulu, K., Chaudhari, P. D., & Patel, B. (2012). In vivo and In vitro Screening of Medicinal Plants for Their Anti-Inflammatory Activity: An Overview. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 2(7), 19–33. https://doi.org/10.7324/JAPS.2012.2704
Quasie, O., Zhang, Y., Zhang, H., Luo, J., & Kong, L. (2016). Four new steroid saponins with highly oxidized side chains from the leaves of Vernonia amygda-lina. Phytochemistry Letters, 15, 16-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytol.2015.11.002
Ramadhani, S. A. S. (2013). Aktivitas Antiinflamasi Berbagai Tanaman Diduga Berasal Dari Flavonoid. Farmaka, 4, 1–15. doi: https://doi.org/10.24198/jf.v14i2.10816 Verma M. A., Kumar P. A., Kavitha D., & Anurag K. B. (2011). Anti-Denaturation and Antioxidant Activi-ties of Annona cherimola In Vitro. International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences, 2(2):1-6.